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Letters .Patent No. 65,745, (lated fame 11, l867i Ittrnoven DEVICE ron semaine literate.

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-vBe it known that I, JOH E. HEATIL of Niles, in the 'county of Bcrrien, and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful improvement in Ratchet-Shears for Cutting Metal; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full', clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawings,and letters of reference marked thereon, making a part of this specification, in which j l Figure 1 is an elevation of my invention with the of the shears open.

Figure 2 is an elevation with thejaws shut. Y

`Figure 3 is a section of the knife and' one of the jaws taken through the line av, iig. 2.

f ,he nature of my invention' consists, first, inoperating the shears bymeans of two pinions moving between racks'. so that the pressure ofthe hand upon each ci' the two handles will have a positive effect upon said shearblades. By this mechanical arrangement two levers can be attached to the shafts of the ratchet-pinions, by

which means much more power can be applied to the jaws or shears; consequently a much'larg'er piece of iron can be cut. j

Improvement second consists in fitting a set-screw into the end of the up-lever guide, for the purpose of adjusting the distance that the edges` of the cutters should be from each other. j

Improvement third consists in dove-tailing the cutters intothe jaws of the levers, and holding the cutters in place by means of screws passing through slots made inthe cutters and into the jaws; and further, in putting set-screws into the jaws, in order'that the cutters may be set closer together at any time desired, after they shall have become worn by use. Bythis arrangement and construction provision is made for keeping the cutters in the proper condition for severing iron orother metal.

A shows the lower and B the upper levers, connected by the straps C, having the bolts D passing through the parts 'so as'to form a joint.' E is a double rack projecting from the arm B, and located between the racks G and P, and equidistant fromeach other, so that the pinions H F will lie between and properly mesh with the cogs of the racks. -The levers NN are' attached, one toneach of the pinions H F, and it is apparent that though.

either of said levers would operate both jaws of the shears, yet the duplication of the racks'and pinions enables both of the operators hands to act positively to the same result, and thus greatly increases the power which he is enabled to exert, and `therefore he will be enabled to sever a much thicker sheet of metal than would otherwise be the case. The cutters J J, as seen at fig. 3, are dove-tailed into the jaws I, and have slots, 7c, made through them, as seen at iig. 2, for the purpose of admitting the ,screwsL to pass through the cutters Jandinto the jaws I, and hold said cutters firmly in position, yet allow the screws to be loosened, and the cutters to beV forced together by means ofthe set-screws M, when the edges of the cutters become worn by use. O is the setscrew against which the arm B strikes when the jaws open, and is adjustable in the end of the guide P for the purpose of regulating the distance the lever B shall move when made to shut the jaws I.

Operation: When my device has been constructed as set forth, it can be operated by placing the knives or cutters .I on the opposite sides of the metal to be cut, as seen at fig. 1, after which the handles a of the levers M must be forced together, as seen at iig. 2. 'lhe cutters J can be adjusted, as desired, by means of set-screws M and O.

The ledge on each side of each rack, as shown' in the drawings, prevents the pinions from becoming displaced, and they, therefore, require no journals, but roll freely between the two opposite racks when the jaws are moved. Having described my invention, what I claim as new,V and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. The racks E G P and pinions F H, provided with the handles N N, constructed and combined substantially as set forth. j

2. The set-screw O, in combination with the arms A B, provided with racks E G I and pinions H F, for the purpose of limiting the movement of the arms away from each other and the movement of the operative lever.

3. The' slotted cutters J J, in combination with the screws Ii L and set-screws M M and jaws A B, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

J. E. HEATH.

Witnesses:

Gao. L. CHAPIN, E. B. SHERMAN. 

